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Bye-Bye, Body on Frame?

New models won't make it with a truck chassis. But body-on-frame vehicles haven't seen their last hurrah.

By Clifford Atiyeh Mar 22, 2012 5:24AM

GMC Yukon, (c) General MotorsLet’s answer the question Autoweek posed here Wednesday: No, the Chevrolet Trailblazer will not ever come back to the U.S. as a reborn, full-size SUV.


Partially, it’s because Chevrolet already sells two full-size SUVs (Tahoe, Suburban), a full-size crossover (Traverse), and a smaller crossover (Equinox). Then there’s the Acadia, a GMC-only midsize SUV. But the real reason? Body-on-frame trucks, at least in the U.S., are a surefire way to kill a new model before it even has time to linger.


Just ask Kia, which introduced the body-on-frame Borrego for 2009 and gave it the sweep that same year. When my colleague Bill Griffith tested one for The Boston Globe, he wrote that the “V8 version’s ride was rough enough to be disconcerting, even after trying lower tire pressures.” Like a garbage truck.


The Nissan Pathfinder is switching to unibody construction for 2013, the once popular Ford Explorer has ditched both the V8 and truck frame, and the Lincoln Town Car -- the only body-on-frame sedan still on sale here -- is departing forever after this year.


Unibody construction makes for a more carlike experience. The body floor, pillars and roof are welded together as one unit, and the engine and suspension hang off on subframes. They are lighter and more rigid than a body-on-frame chassis, which uses two thick steel beams braced together under a separate, mounted body.

Some off-road purists say that body-on-frame vehicles, because they allow more torsion, tend to take a beating better, and they’re mostly right. That’s why every pickup truck, save for the Honda Ridgeline, and full-size van uses a body-on-frame design. Their tough, simple construction allows for superior towing, payload and overall durability in heavy-duty use. Plus, as Hemmings notes, body-on-frame vehicles are cheaper to repair after an accident -- hence the reluctance for taxi companies and police agencies to give up their Crown Vics. They’re also heavier, meaning a fuel-economy penalty is unavoidable.


But has the unibody truly decimated the body-on-frame chassis? By my count, 22 body-on-frame vehicles are on sale in the US, excluding pickups, vans and heavy-duty commercial trucks. Let’s take a quick look at why they still exist when compared with their typically better-handling, better-riding and more efficient unibody competition.


Ford Expedition/Lincoln Navigator – These hulking dinosaurs have hardly been updated since their 2000s-era heyday and aren't as popular as the GM SUVs.


Jeep Wrangler – The original American rock-crawler won’t ever change its beefy body-on-frame design. It’s the last bastion between real trucks and wannabes.


Nissan Xterra – With the Pathfinder becoming “softer,” the Xterra is a less expensive, more hard-core ride for committed SUV buyers. 


Nissan Armada – The owner of a dog-grooming business down the street from me uses an Armada to haul her 165-pound Great Dane. She needs this truck more than anyone. 


Nissan Pathfinder – The 2013 Pathfinder will share its unibody platform with the brand-new Infiniti JX. The current Pathfinder is simply old.


Infiniti QX56 – Everything is enormous and overkill on this superluxe rig. For some reason, everything that fails to gain attention in the Lincoln Navigator -- huge V8 engine, houselike proportions, is working for Infiniti.


Toyota Land Cruiser/Lexus LX 570 – The Land Cruiser and LX 570 are old classics that are almost as nice as a Range Rover for somewhat less money.


Toyota FJ – Another classic, albeit with three windshield wipers. See Jeep Wrangler.


Toyota 4Runner – See Nissan Xterra.


Lexus GX 460 – This body-on-frame SUV not only looks awkward, but handled so badly that Consumer Reports issued a “Don’t Buy” rating in 2010.


Land Rover LR4 – It’s heavy, about 5,500 pounds, and floats above the earth. But it’s also one of the most serious SUVs imaginable when the road gets rough. None of its buyers care that it gets 13 mpg in real-world driving.


Range Rover Sport – The bigger Range Rover rides on a unibody developed in tandem with BMW. The Sport rides on the LR4 chassis, yet there is nothing sporty about it; buyers, meanwhile, eat up the Sport like free-range chicken.


Chevrolet Tahoe/GMC Yukon/Cadillac Escalade – These brutes continue to sell well, thanks to their simple styling and rugged specs. The Escalade continues to be stolen very often.


Chevrolet Suburban/GMC Yukon XL/Cadillac Escalade ESV – I drove an Escalade ESV for one day in Boston and then hid the keys. If I were a bus driver, I’d have been very happy.


Lincoln Town Car – The very last rear-wheel-drive, full-size American sedan without a unibody chassis. Livery drivers are seriously worried that no other car will replace the Town Car's smooth-riding, long-lasting performance for the money.


Mercedes-Benz G-Class – The Cold War relic that keeps on giving. Built on the same chassis since 1979, this German troop transport defies any and all logic, especially when the sticker gets to $130,000. 


Absolutely none of these vehicles returns decent fuel economy. Many, like the Infiniti and Rovers, are ultrapricey. Others, like the Wrangler and FJ, are in unbeatable niches. Most, if not all, make no sense to European citizens crushed under $8-per-gallon gasoline.


So while it’s tough, if perhaps even impossible, to launch a completely new body-on-frame truck, it’s apparently quite simple to keep the gas-guzzling brutes we have. What red-blooded, truck-loving Texan would disagree?


Clifford Atiyeh has spent his entire life driving and riding in cars he doesn't own. He was raised in Volvos and has grown to love fast, irresponsible vehicles of all kinds. He lives in Boston, is a member of the New England Motor Press Association, and has reported for The Boston Globe, Car and Driver, Popular Mechanics and The Times of London.

48Comments
Mar 26, 2012 1:09PM
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A Trailblazer is not a full size SUV but a mid-size.

With out a truck frame say good bye to towing.

I have a 2002 Trailblazer and it has been wonderful.

It has 86,000 miles and the a/c will still freeze you out, I have had it for 6 years and never have touched anything but tires and brakes, and one wheel bearing. I use it to tow a 14' x 7' x 6' trailer, I would not be able to do so with a unibody truck of the same size.

Mar 25, 2012 6:18PM
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I drive a wrangler because I love to rock hop in the mountains.  Never will go unibody for this purpose.  Milage is very poor in low range, but who would expect better as consumption is best measured in hours of operation.  Gets 21 mpg at 60 mph on highway.  Best I have ever owned for this purpose.  Size is the pits if you have to carry people though.
Mar 25, 2012 5:42PM
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The author missed the Toyota Tundra & Tacoma trucks in the article... the bio part about 'being raised in Volvos' should have been told at the beginning to save me from thinking that this would be an article worth reading.
Mar 25, 2012 3:39PM
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I'm more worried about the future of V8 car engines, than body on frame/unibody construction. I'm a car guy, myself. Every car I've owned has been V8 & RWD, by Ford/Lincoln.

If I need an SUV or truck, I just borrow from a friend or relative.

Mar 25, 2012 3:01PM
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Most unibody vehicles are written off as totaled after a crash , cost too much for repair.

Mar 25, 2012 3:01PM
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Folks - it's simple to purchase a truck that is simply a status symbol.  You could obtain a 2nd mortgage on one's home... hmmm guess that's not an option for most folks as the over-inflated housing market has adjusted itself and some find themselves upside down.  Another idea is to rush out and pay 72 or 84 months on said vehicle...  Perhaps if people would stop trying to keep up with the Jones.      
Mar 25, 2012 2:42PM
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When are american car compaies going to start giving us a decent warranty on new vehicles like Kia and Hyundai.  Is it that they couldn't afford all the repairs cause their vehicles fall apart after 3  years?  If they backed up their product they wouldn't have to worry about Toyota and Nissan.
Mar 25, 2012 1:02PM
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I have a 1979 Dodge LB Street Van, I bought in CA 13 years ago. It has 85K orig. miles on it. I don't drive it very much as it gets 12-16 mpg. I just use it for household projects, hauling lumber etc. I would sell it but it's not worth very much and it's nice to have.

 

The 360 4V purrs like a kitten and I love the sound and feel of the old Detroit iron.

Mar 25, 2012 12:30PM
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Uni-body, frame-on, who cars I own a tahoe two door model and just reel  happy with it. but with all this fuel rising crap and them pushing the electric crap. I have one question#. who the hell can afford to buy one??. but if you don't, how do we afford gas for what we can buy.  not sure about y'all but I hate being held by the short hairs.
Mar 25, 2012 12:28PM
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I have both framed and unibody vehicles in my business and feel both have their points. My trucks are simple, durable and less expensive to fix. They are also much better on job sites where the ground is rough or off road. The front driver unibody models are less expensive, better in the snow and on fuel. They also tend to have a low center of gravity with a lot of available floor space. My only complaints revolve around torque steer, ground clearance, poor repair access (design related) and finally a modified front wheel drive instead of a four wheel drive. On average though if you pick the right vehicle for the purpose intended they both do the job well.
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